참조Pāli 원전English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Pāli 원전
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho sambahulā kosalakā brāhmaṇamahāsālā jiṇṇā vuḍḍhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu. Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te brāhmaṇamahāsālā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ: “sandissanti nu kho, bho gotama, etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ brāhmaṇadhamme”ti? “Na kho, brāhmaṇā, sandissanti etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ brāhmaṇadhamme”ti. “Sādhu no bhavaṁ gotamo porāṇānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ brāhmaṇadhammaṁ bhāsatu, sace bhoto gotamassa agarū”ti. “Tena hi, brāhmaṇā, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṁ, bho”ti kho te brāhmaṇamahāsālā bhagavato paccassosuṁ. Bhagavā etadavoca:
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Then several old and well-to-do brahmins of Kosala—elderly and senior, who were advanced in years and had reached the final stage of life—went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they sat down to one side and said to the Buddha: “Worthy Gotama, are the ancient principles of the brahmins exhibited these days among brahmins?” “No, brahmins, they are not.” “If you wouldn’t mind, Worthy Gotama, please teach us the ancient principles of the brahmins.” “Well then, brahmins, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.” “Yes, worthy sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:
Pāli 원전
“Isayo pubbakā āsuṁ, saññatattā tapassino; Pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā, attadatthamacārisuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
“The ancient seers used to be restrained and austere. Having given up the five sensual stimuli, they lived for their own true good.
Pāli 원전
Na pasū brāhmaṇānāsuṁ, na hiraññaṁ na dhāniyaṁ; Sajjhāyadhanadhaññāsuṁ, brahmaṁ nidhimapālayuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Brahmins used to own no cattle, nor gold coin or grain. Chanting was their money and grain, which they guarded as a gift from god.
Pāli 원전
Yaṁ nesaṁ pakataṁ āsi, dvārabhattaṁ upaṭṭhitaṁ; Saddhāpakatamesānaṁ, dātave tadamaññisuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Food was prepared for them and left beside their doors. People believed that food prepared in faith should be given to them.
Pāli 원전
Nānārattehi vatthehi, sayanehāvasathehi ca; Phītā janapadā raṭṭhā, te namassiṁsu brāhmaṇe.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
With colorful clothes, lodgings and houses, prosperous nations and countries honored those brahmins.
Pāli 원전
Avajjhā brāhmaṇā āsuṁ, ajeyyā dhammarakkhitā; Na ne koci nivāresi, kuladvāresu sabbaso.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Brahmins used to be inviolable and invincible, protected by principle. No one ever turned them away from the doors of families.
Pāli 원전
Aṭṭhacattālīsaṁ vassāni, (komāra) Brahmacariyaṁ cariṁsu te; Vijjācaraṇapariyeṭṭhiṁ, Acaruṁ brāhmaṇā pure.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
For forty-eight years they led the spiritual life. The brahmins of old pursued their quest for knowledge and conduct.
Pāli 원전
Na brāhmaṇā aññamagamuṁ, napi bhariyaṁ kiṇiṁsu te; Sampiyeneva saṁvāsaṁ, saṅgantvā samarocayuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Brahmins never transgressed with another, nor did they purchase a wife. They lived together in love, joining together by mutual consent.
Pāli 원전
Aññatra tamhā samayā, utuveramaṇiṁ pati; Antarā methunaṁ dhammaṁ, nāssu gacchanti brāhmaṇā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Brahmins never approached their wives for sex during the time outside the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle after menstruation.
Pāli 원전
Brahmacariyañca sīlañca, ajjavaṁ maddavaṁ tapaṁ; Soraccaṁ avihiṁsañca, khantiñcāpi avaṇṇayuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
They praised chastity and morality, integrity, tenderness, and fervor, gentleness and harmlessness, and also patience.
Pāli 원전
Yo nesaṁ paramo āsi, Brahmā daḷhaparakkamo; Sa vāpi methunaṁ dhammaṁ, Supinantepi nāgamā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
He who was supreme among them, godlike, staunchly vigorous, did not engage in sex even in a dream.
Pāli 원전
Tassa vattamanusikkhantā, Idheke viññujātikā; Brahmacariyañca sīlañca, Khantiñcāpi avaṇṇayuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Training in line with their duties, many smart people here praised chastity and morality, and also patience.
Pāli 원전
Taṇḍulaṁ sayanaṁ vatthaṁ, Sappitelañca yāciya; Dhammena samodhānetvā, Tato yaññamakappayuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
They begged for rice, bedding, clothes, ghee, and oil. Having collected them legitimately, they arranged a sacrifice.
Pāli 원전
Upaṭṭhitasmiṁ yaññasmiṁ, Nāssu gāvo haniṁsu te; Yathā mātā pitā bhātā, Aññe vāpi ca ñātakā; Gāvo no paramā mittā, Yāsu jāyanti osadhā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
But they slew no cows while serving at the sacrifice. Like a mother, father, or brother, or some other relative, cows are our best friends, the fonts of medicine.
Pāli 원전
Annadā baladā cetā, Vaṇṇadā sukhadā tathā; Etamatthavasaṁ ñatvā, Nāssu gāvo haniṁsu te.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
They give food and strength, and beauty and happiness. Knowing these benefits, they slew no cows.
Pāli 원전
Sukhumālā mahākāyā, Vaṇṇavanto yasassino; Brāhmaṇā sehi dhammehi, Kiccākiccesu ussukā; Yāva loke avattiṁsu, Sukhamedhitthayaṁ pajā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
The brahmins were delicate and tall, beautiful and glorious. They were keen on all the duties according to their teachings. So long as they continued in the world, people flourished happily.
Pāli 원전
Tesaṁ āsi vipallāso, Disvāna aṇuto aṇuṁ; Rājino ca viyākāraṁ, Nāriyo samalaṅkatā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
But perversion crept into them little by little when they saw the transformation of the king and the ladies in all their finery.
Pāli 원전
Rathe cājaññasaṁyutte, Sukate cittasibbane; Nivesane nivese ca, Vibhatte bhāgaso mite.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Their chariots were harnessed with thoroughbreds, well-made with bright canopies, and their homes and houses were neatly divided section by section.
Pāli 원전
Gomaṇḍalaparibyūḷhaṁ, Nārīvaragaṇāyutaṁ; Uḷāraṁ mānusaṁ bhogaṁ, Abhijjhāyiṁsu brāhmaṇā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
They were lavished with herds of cattle, and furnished with bevies of lovely ladies. This extravagant human wealth was coveted by the brahmins.
Pāli 원전
Te tattha mante ganthetvā, Okkākaṁ tadupāgamuṁ; Pahūtadhanadhaññosi, Yajassu bahu te vittaṁ; Yajassu bahu te dhanaṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
They compiled hymns to that end, approached King Okkāka and said, ‘You have plenty of money and grain. Sacrifice! For you have much treasure. Sacrifice! For you have much money.’
Pāli 원전
Tato ca rājā saññatto, Brāhmaṇehi rathesabho; Assamedhaṁ purisamedhaṁ, Sammāpāsaṁ vājapeyyaṁ niraggaḷaṁ; Ete yāge yajitvāna, Brāhmaṇānamadā dhanaṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Persuaded by the brahmins, the king, chief of charioteers, performed horse sacrifice, human sacrifice, the sacrifices of the ‘casting of the yoke-pin’, the ‘royal soma drinking’, and the ‘unimpeded’. When he had carried out these sacrifices, he gave riches to the brahmins.
Pāli 원전
Gāvo sayanañca vatthañca, Nāriyo samalaṅkatā; Rathe cājaññasaṁyutte, Sukate cittasibbane.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
There were cattle, bedding, and clothes, and ladies in all their finery; chariots harnessed with thoroughbreds, well-made with bright canopies;
Pāli 원전
Nivesanāni rammāni, Suvibhattāni bhāgaso; Nānādhaññassa pūretvā, Brāhmaṇānamadā dhanaṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
and lovely homes, nicely divided section by section. Having furnished them with different grains, he gave riches to the brahmins.
Pāli 원전
Te ca tattha dhanaṁ laddhā, Sannidhiṁ samarocayuṁ; Tesaṁ icchāvatiṇṇānaṁ, Bhiyyo taṇhā pavaḍḍhatha; Te tattha mante ganthetvā, Okkākaṁ puna mupāgamuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
When they got hold of that wealth, they arranged to store it up. Falling under the sway of desire, their craving grew and grew. They compiled hymns to that end, approached King Okkāka once more and said,
Pāli 원전
Yathā āpo ca pathavī ca, Hiraññaṁ dhanadhāniyaṁ; Evaṁ gāvo manussānaṁ, Parikkhāro so hi pāṇinaṁ; Yajassu bahu te vittaṁ, Yajassu bahu te dhanaṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
‘Like water and earth, gold coin, riches, and grain, are cows for humankind, as they are essential for creatures. Sacrifice! For you have much treasure. Sacrifice! For you have much money.’
Pāli 원전
Tato ca rājā saññatto, Brāhmaṇehi rathesabho; Nekā satasahassiyo, Gāvo yaññe aghātayi.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Persuaded by the brahmins, the king, chief of charioteers, had many hundred thousand cows slain at the sacrifice.
Pāli 원전
Na pādā na visāṇena, Nāssu hiṁsanti kenaci; Gāvo eḷakasamānā, Soratā kumbhadūhanā; Tā visāṇe gahetvāna, Rājā satthena ghātayi.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Neither with feet nor with horns do cows harm anyone at all. Cows meek as lambs supply buckets of milk. But taking them by the horns, the king slew them with a sword.
Pāli 원전
Tato devā pitaro ca, Indo asurarakkhasā; Adhammo iti pakkanduṁ, Yaṁ satthaṁ nipatī gave.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
At that the gods and the ancestors, with Indra, the titans and monsters, roared out: ‘This is a crime against nature!’ as the sword fell on the cows.
Pāli 원전
Tayo rogā pure āsuṁ, Icchā anasanaṁ jarā; Pasūnañca samārambhā, Aṭṭhānavutimāgamuṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
There used to be three kinds of illness: greed, starvation, and old age. But due to the slaughter of cows, this grew to be ninety-eight.
Pāli 원전
Eso adhammo daṇḍānaṁ, Okkanto purāṇo ahu; Adūsikāyo haññanti, Dhammā dhaṁsanti yājakā.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
This crime of the rods is of ancient descent. Killing innocent creatures, the sacrificers forsake righteousness.
Pāli 원전
Evameso aṇudhammo, Porāṇo viññugarahito; Yattha edisakaṁ passati, Yājakaṁ garahatī jano.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
And that is how this mean old practice was criticized by sensible people. Wherever they see such a thing, folk criticize the sacrificer.
Pāli 원전
Evaṁ dhamme viyāpanne, Vibhinnā suddavessikā; Puthū vibhinnā khattiyā, Patiṁ bhariyāvamaññatha.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
With righteousness gone, peasants and menials were split, as were many aristocrats, and wives looked down on their husbands.
Pāli 원전
Khattiyā brahmabandhū ca, Ye caññe gottarakkhitā; Jātivādaṁ nirākatvā, Kāmānaṁ vasamanvagun”ti.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
Aristocrats and brahmins only by kin, and others protected by their clan, neglecting their genealogy, fell under the sway of sensual pleasures.”
Pāli 원전
Evaṁ vutte, te brāhmaṇamahāsālā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ: “abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama …pe… upāsake no bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṁ gate”ti. Brāhmaṇadhammikasuttaṁ sattamaṁ.
English · Bhikkhu Sujato
When he had spoken, those well-to-do brahmins said to the Buddha, “Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent! … From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember us as lay followers who have gone for refuge for life.”